candee



3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

\NO Model.)

0. E. 'GANYDEE.

LOCK.

Patented July 12, 1892.

QR) Mme/300v 661% 741 b;1l mu? m: nonms PETERS cm, Moro-Luna, msuma'mu, n. c.

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

C. E. GANDEE.

I LOGK- No. 478,784. Patented July 12, 1892.

3 Sheets-Sheet"3.

(No Model.) I

, O. E. OANDEE.

LOCK. v

No. 478,784. w Patented July 12, 1892.

I F5919 & I\\ 15 WEW H V Ag! J l a "(M a N FFIICE.

PATENT CHARLES ERWVINCANDEE, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

LOCK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 478,784, dated July 12, 1892.

Application filed July 13, 1891. .Serial No. 899,394. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that 1, CHARLES ERWIN CAN- DEE, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city, county, and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Looks, (for which I have obtained no foreign Letters Patent whatever) of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to a lock in which the catch-bolt is also a lock-bolt and in which, preferably, anti-friction devices relieve the bolt in its operative movements in catching and uncatching with the jamb-escutcheon, and also under some conditions in looking, and also in which a pin-tumbler, but of a new form or variety, is used to unlock and retreat the bolt.

The objects of this improvement are, first, to provide means for unlocking and retreating the bolt by turning a knob or thumbpiece on the inside of the door and for holding it in either of two positionsfrom which it may be tripped and relocked, and, second, to provide a pin-tumbler device for unlocking and retreating the bolt from the outside of the door by means of a key operating one or more pin-tumbler bolts. I attain these objects by the mechanism illustrated in the accompanying three sheets of drawings, in wl1ich Figure 1 represents the lock with the lockplate removed, the bolt advanced to its most forward position and positively locked. Fig. 2 represents a horizontal section of the same, cut on the line 22, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 represents the lock with the bolt unlocked by means of the thumb-piece on theinside of the lock and retreated to and held in its intermediate position, ready for tripping. Fig. 4 is a front end view of the lock. Fig. 5 is a vertical sectional view out on line 5 5, Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is a View of the lock with the bolt unlocked and retreated by means of the thumb-piece on the inside of the lock and detained in its extreme position, ready for tripping by a touch on the front end of the bolt. Fig. 7 is a horizontal sectional view out on the line 7 7, Fig. 6. 'Fig. 8 is a View of the lock with the lockplate removed, the bolt unlocked by the double-twin pin-tumblerandon the pointof being retreated by the continued action thereof. Fig. 9 is a horizontal sectional View out on the line 9 9, Fig. 10,-together with a part plan view of the key partially inserted'in the pintumbler attachment. Fig. 10 is a vertical sectional view cuton the line lO 10, Fig. 9. Fig. 11 is a sectional view of the pin-tumbler attachment, similar to Fig. 9, but with the key completely inserted and showing the parts thereby adjusted for turning the revolving key-seat cylinder. Fig. 12 is a vertical sec tion cut on lines 12 12, Fig. 11. Fig. 13 is a horizontal section cut on the line 13 13, Fig. 14E. Fig. 14 is a vertical section cut on the line 14 14E,Fig.13. Fig.15is a horizontal section cut on the line 15 15, Fig.16. Fig. 16 is a vertical section cut on the line 16 16, Fig. 15. Figs. 17 and 18 show the opposite sides of the key with diagonal grooves, and in each figure the corresponding adjacent side of the twin pin-tumbler provided with an inclined tongue corresponding to each inclined groove in the edge ofthe key. Fig. 19 is a bottom view'of the tumbler-cylinder or external case in reduced size. Fig. 20 is aside view of the same. Fig. 21 is a plan view of the key, and Fig. 22 is a side view, both showing the wards of the key, the former on both sides.

Similar letters represent similar parts throughout the device.

B is the bolt.

L is the locking-lever, pivoted between the two end bearings.

E is the positive locking, positive unlocking, and freeing cam for the lever L.

O G is a double cam with an outer camsurface 0 and an inner cam-surface O, the former for action on and with a pin P, located on the bolt B, and the other having the same relation to a pin P, located on the lever L. These pins and cam-surfaces are so related that in starting from the position shown in Fig. 1, when the camEis turned, as shown in Fig. 3, so as to release the positive look from the lever L, the first action of the cam 0' through the pin P will be to depress the rear end of the lever L and disengage the shoulder 0 near its forward end from the notch N in the bolt B, thereby unlocking the bolt B before contact is made between the lower part of the cam O and the pin P. On continuing the motion of the cam backwardly, however, the cam 0 makes contact with the pin P, and retreatingthe bolt B sufficiently ward when released and allow the bolt B to come under the control of the spring S, and be thereby advanced to its most forward position. 1f, instead of being tripped in its intermediate position, the backward movement of the cam C C be continued sufficiently far, the pin P will drop into the notch N on the release of the thumb-piece and cam at that point, and the bolt will be held in position to be tripped by a slight pressure upon the roller or forward end of the bolt, thereby allowing the bolt to be automatically advanced to its most forward position and to be there locked by the lever L automatically, except when the cam E is turned upward, as shown in Fig. 6, holding the lever L out of action. The cam 0, bearing upon the pin P, is shown or corresponds with the outer side of the curved slot formed in the metal that is continuous with the cam 0, but within it.

The pin-tumbler attachment has an outside barrel or-case A, provided with an arm or extension A for making contact with the stud P on the bolt B for the purpose of retreating the bolt, and also with a bearing-surface for making contact with the rear end of the locking-lever for the purpose of unlocking the bolt before the same is retreated bythe action of the arm A.

lVithin the barrel or case A are two hemicylindrical pieces H H, which together fill and fit the barrel or case and carry a pair of twin pin-tumblers T T.

Within the hemi-cylindrical pieces H H is located a key-seat cylinder G, which revolves in its corresponding seat in the joined hemicylindrical pieces or tumbler-carriers H H, and which also carries short pins F F. (Shown in section in Figs. 9 and 11.) Other pins F F (shown in Figs. 9 and 11 in side view) are located in pin seats or holes in the hemi-cylindrical parts H H and have behind them springs G G, which, pressing against the inner surface of the outside barrel or case A, .tend to force the pins F and F inward, the

former into the key-seat space or channel.

T T are twin pin-tumblers disposed and moving in a plane at right angles with the plane in which the pins F F and their seats are located. Between these pin-tumblers on each side are the springs G G which exert a pressure upon each one of the twin pins automatically, forcing both of them outwardly when permitted to do so by the relations of the parts.

Q and Q are opposite sides of the lockframe' or plates, which are provided with re reach the position shown in Fig. 11.

cesses, holes, or sockets V V, properly located to receive the round part or end of each of the twin tumblers 'l T, and thereby prevent the turning of the barrel and its arm. Theinner side of each one of the pintumblers presented toward the key-seat cylinder Gis concave in general contour, and this concave surface is provided with an inclined ridge or tongue U U, one or more, which may be varied indefinitely in form and location, and to which one part of one side of the key K is made to conform closely in the form of a correspondingly-inclined groove U, but in such a way as to permit the passage of the key, the grooves in the key and the ridges or tongues in the twin tumbler corresponding accurately for that purpose and being varied on opposite sides, so as to give additional means for protection and so as to limit the possibility of operating the pin-tumblers to the one particular key made to fit the same. The tongues and grooves in the twin pintumblers and corresponding parts of the key are reversed in each, so as to enable the key to force the tumblers toward each other as the tongues traverse the grooves, and thereby withdraw the ends of the tumblers from the opposite recesses or sockets V V.

The method of operating the devices is as follows: The key K being inserted in the groove in the key-seat of the cylinder G with its proper corresponding edge upward, as shown in Fig. 9, the beveled point of the key first strikes the pins F on opposite sides and forces them back, one upward and the other downward, each in its seat in the key-seat cylinder G, thereby permitting the key to WVhen the key has reached that position, the pins F I will have been forced by the springs G G into the corresponding scarf or cut on each =side of the key, as shown in Fig. 11, and to such an extent as to bring the line of division between the pins F and F on a line to 3 correspond with the inner edge of the seat of Q the pins F F in the hemi-cylindrical parts H When all the parts are in this position, which is shown in l1 and 12, and only then, will the pins F F permit the revolving of the key K and with it the key-seat cylinderG within the hemi-cylindrical parts H H. Vhen the proper key thus inserted and moved with its seat and cylinderhas reached the position shown in Fig. 12, starting from the vertical position in which it was inserted in the first instance, the corresponding grooves and channelsin the key and the pin-tumbler parts will engage, and these grooves and channels being made on a proper and corresponding angle on each side in each pair of the tum blers, the fur ther movement of the key will tendto compress the spring G and force together the two parts of the twin-tumbler T at the opposite sides of the key until they reach the position shown in Fig. 15, thereby withdrawing the pin parts from their seats or recesses V V in the plates Q Q of the lock-frame. The positions from which these twin tumblers start in this operation are shownin Fig.13,and the positions into which they are forced by the key are shown in Fig. 15. Fig. 14 shows the positions of the parts, and particularly of the key, when the key is first inserted, and Fig. 16 shows the positions when the movement of the key is completed, by which the twin pin-tumblers are withdrawn and the tumbler device is unlocked and left free to perform its proper functions in unlockingand withdrawing the boltB by the action of the tumbler first upon the locking-lever L and subsequently upon the bolt B, the relations of which are shown in Figs. 12 and 16. When the twin pin-tumblers are withdrawn in the manner described, the further movement of the key is stopped by the stud or pin \V, with which it makes contact, and the pressure of the key being continued the hemi-cylindrical parts H H, in which the stud IV is secured and which themselves are secured to the barrel or case A by the screw IV, cause the whole apparatus to revolve until it reaches the limit of its motion and the limit of retreating motion to be given to the bolt B.

The key-seat cylinder G is held in proper relation to the hemi-cylindrical parts H H by heads or collars at each end, which last have their bearings in the lock-plates Q Q and on which the entire tumbler device turns. The key-seat cylinder also has hearings in relation to the hemi-cylindrical part, located just within the end collars just mentioned, and also a third or center bearing in which arelocated the pins F F. Between the center hearing and these two end bearings last mentioned and on each side of the center bearing are located the cylindrical chambers into which the concave sides and grooves of the tumblers project and into which the edges of the key also extend, so as to make engagement with the tumblers and traverse the chamber in edges, as they are located in pairs, are shouldered or cut away so as to have a bearing on its outer cylindrical surface and be thereby in part guided and held in position. The key-seat cylinderin relation to the two hemicylindrical parts is like an axle working in a divisible axle-box in which it is turned by the key, when the pins F and F are thereby brought into such positions as to permit the turning, or like the bearing of a length of collared shafting. When thelocking-lever L is unlocked, as shown in Fig. 3, the bolt B can be operated or retreated like any springcatch bolt, but with two positions from which it may be automatically tripped, so as to effect engagement with the jamb-escutcheon, or disengagement within certain limits that are evident.

I claim as my invention- 1. In locks and in combination, the bolt B,

provided with the pin P, the lever L,provided with the pin P, and the double cam GO, provided with the notches N N and spring S, substantially as shown and described.

2. In looks, a pin-tumbler,a revolving tumbler-barrel, and a key for unlocking and revolving the same, in combination, the pintumbler projecting beyond the end of the barrel for the purpose of engagement when 1n its locking position and actuated by the key, in unlocking and revolving the tux 11bler-barrel, so as to be drawn'inwardly for the purpose of unlocking the same, substantially as shown and. described.

3. In looks, a compressible and oppos temoving pair of pin-tumblers, in combinatlon with a spring located between them,substantially as shown and described.

4. In locks, a compressible and oppositemoving pair of twin tumblers with a spring located between them, in combination with an opposite like pair of twin tumblers and spring and with a key adapted to operate both pairs of tumblers in unlocking, substantially as shown and described.

5. In locks, the compressible and oppositemoving twin pin-tumblers T T, provided with engaging tongues, in combination with the spring G and with the key K, provided w th inclined engaging grooves on its opposlte edges, substantially as shown and described.

6. In locks, the compressible and oppositemoving twin pin-tumblers T T, provided with engaging tongues, in combination with the spring G and also in combination with a like opposite set of compressible and opposite-mow ing twin pin-tumblers T T, in combination with their spring G and with the key K, provided withoppositeinclined engaging grooves onits opposite edges, substantially as shown and described. I

7. In locks, the compressible and oppositemoving twin pin-tumblers T T, in combination with the spring G and also with the pins F and F and the spring G, substantially as shown and described.

8. In a pin-tumbler barrel or case, the pintumbler carriers H H, the compressible and opposite-moving twin pin-tumblers T T and spring G the pin F and spring G, the ,key-

of the pin-tumblersbeing tongued and grooved I 30 for the purposes of co-operative action, sub stantially asshown and described.

10. In looks, a pair of pin-tumblers T T, one or more, in combination with the spring G and located between two lock-plates, which are 12. In looks, a reciprocating bolt, a pini tumbler, a revolving tumbler-barrel located between the two plates of the lock, and akey 5 for unlocking and revolving the same, in combination with the pin-tumbler, one or more, projecting beyond the end of the barrel for the purpose of engagement with the adjacent lock-plate when in its locking position and actuated by the key, so as to be drawn inwardly for the purpose of permitting the unlocking and revolving of the tumbler-barrel and also for the purpose of permitting the unlocking and retreating of the reciprocating bolt by the tumbler-barrel, substantially as 25 shown and described.

CHARLES ERWIN CANDEE. Witnesses:

EDWARD S. BERRALL, JOHN J. F. OOoNNoR. 

